Also known as Uddiyana. A kingdom to the north of Gandhara in ancient India. It is thought to have been located in the region today known as Swat, the area of the Swat River valley in northwestern Pakistan. The capital of Udyana was at the site of present-day Mingaora, a town just east of the Swat River. In the fourth century B.C.E., Alexander the Great invaded and conquered the Swat and Gandhara regions as he advanced on India, and in the third century B.C.E., King Ashoka is said to have introduced Buddhism to Udyana. According to the record of Hsyan-tsang, a Chinese priest who traveled in India in the seventh century, Mahayana Buddhism prospered there at the time, with 1,400 monastic buildings on both sides of the Swat River.